China has officially launched its third aircraft carrier, the Fujian, marking a notable advancement in its naval capabilities. This new vessel is distinguished by its incorporation of an electromagnetic catapult launch system, a significant departure from the ramp-based (STOBAR) launch systems found on its two predecessors, the Liaoning and Shandong.
The adoption of catapult technology, specifically electromagnetic catapults, is designed to enhance operational flexibility by enabling the launch of heavier aircraft with larger payloads, a capability not afforded by the simpler ramp systems. Globally, the Fujian becomes the 13th aircraft carrier currently in service to feature a catapult launch system, joining 11 American and one French carrier. Furthermore, it is only the second carrier worldwide, after the USS Gerald R Ford, to employ electromagnetic catapults; other catapult-equipped vessels, such as the older Nimitz-class carriers and France's Charles de Gaulle, utilize steam-powered catapults.
Chinese state media has reported that President Xi Jinping personally made the decision to adopt electromagnetic catapult technology for the Fujian.
Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-global/china-new-aircraft-carrier-fujian-10353823/